Rsync

Common arguments

-a same as --archive
-v same as --verbose
-x same as --one-file-system
-z compress files over the network

Push

rsync -avx /path/to/source user@host:/path/to/destination

Pull

rsync -avx user@host:/path/to/source /path/to/destination

Pull via SSH

rsync -avx --progress -e 'ssh -p 1080' --exclude-from=EXCLUDE_FILESOURCE_IP:/ /

-p to specify alternate SSH port